๋งํฌ : https://twitter.com/MichaelSFuhrer/status/1686644227885944833


24b0d121e09c28a8699fe8b115ef046f5c4c989a

์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ƒ์˜จ ์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด ์ž”์น˜์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‚˜๊ธด ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์†Œํ†ต์˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ phonon-mediated BCS ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐ์ดํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์€ ๊ธฐ์œ ์ผ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ดˆ์ „๋„์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

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์ดˆ์ „๋„์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šธ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์  ์ €ํ•ญ์ด 0์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด์„œ 0์ด๋ฉด ๋. ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•จ์ •์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๊ธ€ํƒ€๋ž˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋‹ค ๋‹ด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค ์ •๋„๋กœ!)

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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋“ค์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ดˆ์ „๋„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ด์Šค๋„ˆ ํšจ๊ณผ, AC ์žํ™”์œจ, ์ž„๊ณ„ ์ž๊ธฐ์žฅ, ์ž„๊ณ„ ์ „๋ฅ˜, ๋‹จ์ผ ์ž…์ž ํ„ฐ๋„๋ง ๊ฐญ, ์ž„๊ณ„์˜จ๋„์น˜์—์„œ์˜ ๋น„์—ด ๋„์•ฝ, ์กฐ์…‰์Šจ ํ„ฐ๋„๋ง...

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AC ์กฐ์…‰์Šจ ํšจ๊ณผ, ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ. (๋…ผ๋ฌธ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋‹ด๊ฒจ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ†ต์€ ์ €ํ•ญ 0์— ๋”ํ•ด ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ์ ธ ์žˆ์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค)

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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋˜์ง€๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒˆ ์†์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด์™€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์ด ๊พธ์ค€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์€ ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

"๊ฐ์งˆ๋ง›"๋‚œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ”ํžˆ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์„ ์ผ์ปฌ์–ด ๋ฏธํ™•์ธ ์ดˆ์ „๋„ ๋ฌผ์ฒด(Unidentified Superconduction Objects, U์—ํ”„O ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋””์ธ๋“ฏ)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

(๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งํฌ ์ฐธ์กฐ)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921453497002001?via%3Dihub

Introduction to the structure and chemistry of superconducting materialsThe copper oxide superconductors are the latest and in some ways the most exotic of the series of new superconducting materials discovered during manyโ€ฆwww.sciencedirect.com

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๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์ €ํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ธ๋ฐ ํ•™์ž๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”!)

1) palladium hydride

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921453402027454?via%3Dihub

Possibility of high temperature superconducting phases in PdHPossible new superconducting phases with a high critical transition temperature (Tc) have been found in stable palladiumโ€“hydrogen (PdHx) samples for sโ€ฆwww.sciencedirect.com

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2) multi-walled carbon nanotubes

https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0111268

Possible superconductivity above 400 K in carbon-based multiwall nanotubesMagnetization and resistance measurements were carried out on carbon-based multiwall nanotubes. Both magnetization and resistance data can be consistently explained in terms of bulk superconductivity above 400 K although we cannot completely rule out other possible explanations to the data.arxiv.org

3) doped graphite

Just a moment...Just a moment...onlinelibrary.wiley.com

4) silver nanoparticles in a gold matrix

Coexistence of Diamagnetism and Vanishingly Small Electrical Resistance at Ambient Temperature and Pressure in NanostructuresThe great practical utility has motivated extensive efforts to discover ultra-low resistance electrical conductors and superconductors in ambience. Here we report the observation of vanishingly small electrical resistance at the ambient temperature and pressure conditions in films and pellets of a nanostructured material that is composed of silver particles embedded into a gold matrix. Upon cooling below a sample-specific temperature scale ($T_{C}$) as high as $286$ K, the film resistance drops below $\sim 2ฮผฮฉ$, being limited by measurement uncertainty. The corresponding resistivity ($\sim 10^{-12}$ $ฮฉ$.m) is at least four orders of magnitude below that of elemental noble metals, such as gold, silver or copper. Furthermore, the samples become strongly diamagnetic below $T_{C}$, with volume susceptibilities as low as -0.056. We additionally describe methods to tune $T_{C}$ to temperatures much higher than room temperature.arxiv.org

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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์‹ค์˜จ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์ž์„ฑ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์ƒ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

Giant Diamagnetism in Au-Ag Nanostructures at Ambient ConditionsEngineered Au-Ag nanostructures show giant diamagnetism and vanishing resistance under ambient conditions. This video shows the repulsion of aggregates of Au...www.youtube.com

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์ด์™ธ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์—ฐ๋ฃจ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜์‹ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์Šค์บ”๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ž์— ๋“  ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์กด๊ฒฝ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

*๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์žˆ์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์‹ค๋œ(์†์ด๋ ค๋Š” ์˜๋„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”) ๋ณด๊ณ ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋‘ก์‹œ๋‹ค.

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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ๋ˆˆ์—ฌ๊ฒจ ๋ณผ ์ ์€ ์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์—”๋”ฉ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์— ๋“  ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ LK-99์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌํ˜„์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...

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... ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๊บผ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณ„์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฏธ์ œ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!

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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด"๋“ค" ๋„ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์€(ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์˜จ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์€) ์˜จ๋„์—์„œ, ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์กฐํ•ฉ์—์„œ๋„. (doped C60, MgB2, pnictides ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ์ด ์ œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚˜์™”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค) ์ด๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์  ์žฌํ˜„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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์ด ๊ธ€ํƒ€๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ์˜จ ์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ด€์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณผํ•™์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...

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... ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์กด์— ์ด ์ž”์น˜ํŒ์—์„œ ๋†€๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ๊ฑด์ „ํ•œ ํšŒ์˜์ฃผ์˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ด€๋ง์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ํผ์ ธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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PS, 2๋ฒˆ์งธ ํŠธ์œ—์—์„œ ์ƒ์˜จ "์ƒ์••" ์ดˆ์ „๋„์ฒด๊ฐ€ phonon-mediated BCS ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŠน์ •ํ•ด์•ผํ–ˆ๋„ค์š”.

(๊ณ ์••์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ณด๊ณ ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ๋ถ„๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ)

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