https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03930-6

ChatGPT and science: the AI system was a force in 2023 โ€” for good and badThe poster child for generative AI software is a startling human mimic. It represents a potential new era in research, but brings risks.www.nature.com


๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”ย ์€๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒย ๊ณผํ•™ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ณต๋™ ์ง‘ํ•„ย ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹คย .ย ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜, ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ œ์•ˆ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์—…์—ย ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์š” ์ดˆ์•ˆ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ ย , ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณต๋ช…ํŒ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ๋˜ํ•œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰์„ ๋‚ ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ๋‚ด๊ณ , ์ฆ์˜ค์‹ฌ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์—ญ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ChatGPT๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ChatGPT๋Š” ์ˆœ์ข…์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


2023๋…„ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?ย ChatGPT๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ํ•œ ํ•ด ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณผํ•™์— ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ย ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


ChatGPT์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋“ฏํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ์„ฑ ์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ(AI) ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ž‘์—… ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(ย go.nature.com/413hjnpย ์ฐธ์กฐ ).ย ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ AI์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ง€๋Šฅ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๊ทœ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ฌํ•ดย ๋„ค์ด์ฒ˜ย 10์— ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


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ChatGPT์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์งœ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์•„์ง ์ œํ•œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์  AI ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.