Latest AI news 2023/12/29 ์ตœ์‹  AI ๋‰ด์Šค


TinyGPT-V: Efficient Multimodal Large Language Model via Small Backbones

TinyGPT-V: ์†Œํ˜• ๋ฐฑ๋ณธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ


Anhui Polytechnic University

Nanyang Technological University

Lehigh University


3์ค„์š”์•ฝ

1. TinyGPT-V๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ์„œ, ๋Œ€์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ GPU๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ 24G GPU์—์„œ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ , 8G GPU ๋˜๋Š” CPU์—์„œ ์ถ”๋ก ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2. ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ Phi-2 ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, BLIP-2 ๋˜๋Š” CLIP์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3. TinyGPT-V๋Š” 2.8B ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์žฅ์น˜์—์„œ ๋กœ์ปฌ ๋ฐฐํฌ ๋ฐ ์ถ”๋ก  ์ž‘์—…์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ์˜ ์‘์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


Abstractย 

In the era of advanced multimodel learning, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4V have made remarkable strides towards bridging language and visual elements. However, the closed-source nature and considerable computational demand present notable challenges for universal usage and modifications. This is where open-source MLLMs like LLaVA and MiniGPT-4 come in, presenting groundbreaking achievements across tasks. Despite these accomplishments, computational efficiency remains an unresolved issue, as these models, like LLaVA-v1.5-13B, require substantial resources. Addressing these issues, we introduce TinyGPT-V, a new-wave model marrying impressive performance with commonplace computational capacity. It stands out by requiring merely a 24G GPU for training and an 8G GPU or CPU for inference. Built upon Phi-2, TinyGPT-V couples an effective language backbone with pre-trained vision modules from BLIP-2 or CLIP. TinyGPT-V's 2.8B parameters can undergo a unique quantisation process, suitable for local deployment and inference tasks on 8G various devices. Our work fosters further developments for designing cost-effective, efficient, and high-performing MLLMs, expanding their applicability in a broad array of real-world scenarios. Furthermore this paper proposed a new paradigm of Multimodal Large Language Model via small backbones.


๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ๋ชจ๋ธ ํ•™์Šต ์‹œ๋Œ€์—์„œ, GPT-4V์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ(MLLMs)์€ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ์‹œ๊ฐ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ์‡„ ์†Œ์Šค ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ์š”๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํŽธ์  ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ๋„์ „์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์˜คํ”ˆ ์†Œ์Šค MLLMs์ธ LLaVA์™€ MiniGPT-4๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์—์„œ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ฑ์ทจ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , LLaVA-v1.5-13B์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ž์›์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ชจ๋ธ TinyGPT-V๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ง€ 24G GPU๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถ”๋ก ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด 8G GPU ๋˜๋Š” CPU๋งŒ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Phi-2์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” TinyGPT-V๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜๊ณผ BLIP-2 ๋˜๋Š” CLIP์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ „ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. TinyGPT-V์˜ 28์–ต ๊ฐœ ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ 8G ์žฅ์น˜์—์„œ ๋กœ์ปฌ ๋ฐฐํฌ ๋ฐ ์ถ”๋ก  ์ž‘์—…์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์–‘์žํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ธ MLLMs๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ์˜ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ์†Œํ˜• ๋ฐฑ๋ณธ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.



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https://github.com/DLYuanGod/TinyGPT-V

GitHub - DLYuanGod/TinyGPT-V: TinyGPT-V: Efficient Multimodal Large Language Model via Small BackbonesTinyGPT-V: Efficient Multimodal Large Language Model via Small Backbones - GitHub - DLYuanGod/TinyGPT-V: TinyGPT-V: Efficient Multimodal Large Language Model via Small Backbonesgithub.com


https://arxiv.org/pdf/2312.16862.pdf

https://github.com/DLYuanGod/TinyGPT-V