That's also why scientists see promise in mRNA vaccines for cancer. While existing drugs target just a few specific mutations commonly found in cancer cells, mRNA vaccines can be customized to an individual patient's tumor. Each tumor has a unique array of mutations. In melanoma, for example, exposure to sunlight damages DNA in random places throughout the genes of a patient's skin cells. Some of those mutations are what turns the cell cancerous. But since these mutations are found only in the cancerous cells, they provide a target for the immune system to attack without harming the patient's healthy cells. The first, early-stage clinical trial of an mRNA cancer vaccine was published in 2017 in the journal Nature. Researchers from BioNTech and colleagues took tumors removed from 13 patients with melanoma. They read the entire genomes of the cancer cells and identified 10 mutations in each tumor. The researchers gave each patient a unique mRNA vaccine based on the mutations in their own tumors. Eight of those patients were still tumor-free when scientists checked up on them again a year or two later an unexpectedly high rate of remission. One patient's tumor returned, but went into remission when given another drug.

์œ„๋Š” ๋„ค์ด์ฒ˜์ง€์— ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋œ mRNA ๊ฐœ์ธ๋งž์ถค ์•”๋ฐฑ์‹ ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ

๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์•คํ…Œํฌ(mRNA ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ชฝ์œผ๋ก  ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ œ์•ฝํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž„ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ชจ๋”๋‚˜์™€ ์—ฐํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ ์•” ๋ฐฑ์‹  ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ค‘ ํ™”์ด์ž ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๋ฐฑ์‹ ๋„ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์•คํ…Œํฌ์™€ ๊ณต๋™ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•จ ํŽธ์˜์ƒ ํ™”์ด์ž ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์„œ ์ฃผ์‹๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์ชฝ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€)์™€ ๋ชจ ๋Œ€ํ•™(์–ด๋””์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋‚˜์™€์žˆ์Œ)์—์„œ 13๋ช…์˜ ํ‘์ƒ‰์ข… ํ™˜์ž(์ด ์ž„์ƒ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฒƒ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋‹จ ๋ง๊ธฐ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ผ๊ฑฐ์ž„)์˜ ์•”์„ธํฌ ๊ฒŒ๋†ˆ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•ด์„œ 10๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ๋งž์ถค mRNA ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•ด ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•ด์„œ 1~2๋…„์„ ์ถ”์ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฌด๋ ค 8๋ช…์ด ์™„์ „๊ด€ํ•ด(์•”์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์™„์น˜๋ž‘ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…) ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  1๋ช…์€ ์žฌ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•ฝ์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•ด ์™„์ „๊ด€ํ•ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ.

์•”์„ธํฌ ๊ฒŒ๋†ˆ์€ ์ € ์ž„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 3๋…„ ๋’ค์ธ 2020๋…„์— ๋ถ„์„์ด ๋๋‚ฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ธ๊ฑธ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž„. ์ด ์ž„์ƒ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋Š” ์ด ์ž„์ƒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•จ.

์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19๋กœ mRNA๊ฐ€ ์ž…์ฆ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ์•ฝ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด mRNA ์•” ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ •์ฑ…์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ํˆฌ์ž๋กœ๋‚˜ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ถ”์ง„๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•จ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์•” ๊ฒŒ๋†ˆ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์™„์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋งž์ถค ์•”์น˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „๋ง์ด๋‹ˆ mRNA ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ์•” ๊ฒŒ๋†ˆ ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ ์œตํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์‹ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋จ

- dc official App