https://theconversation.com/how-china-uses-geostrategic-corruption-to-exert-its-influence-in-latin-america-201119

How China uses 'geostrategic corruption' to exert its influence in Latin AmericaAs US influence in Latin America has waned, Beijing has been able to expand business interests in the region on the back of shady practices.theconversation.com


์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ๋ถ€ํŒจ๋Š”ย ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ์ดํƒˆ๊ณผ ํ›„์› ํŒจํ„ด์„ย ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ํŠนํžˆ ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ๋Š” 1980๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ๋งˆ์•ฝ ์กฐ์งํญ๋ ฅ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ์ง€๋ฐฉ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ด ์กฐ์งํญ๋ ฅ๋ฐฐ์™€ ๊ฒฐํƒํ•˜๋Š” '๋‚˜๋ฅด์ฝ” ๋ถ€ํŒจ'๊ฐ€ ๋„์ž…๋ผ ๊ธฐ์†Œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ '๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ, ์ง€๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ฐ ์„ ์ถœ๋œ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œย ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ ย ์‹ค์ฒด ์ค‘ย ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹œ๋‹จ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ย ๋ถ€ํŒจ ์ธ์‹ย ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์—์„œ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€ํŒจ์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š”ย ์ค‘๋™ย ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธย ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š”ย ์•„์‹œ์•„๋กœ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๋ ธ๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘๊ตญ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฑ„์›Œ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ํ™•์žฅ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ฝ”๋ฐœํŠธ, ๋ฆฌํŠฌ, ํฌํ† ๋ฅ˜, ํƒ„ํ™”์ˆ˜์†Œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž์›๊ณผ ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์— ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์‹๋ฃŒํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์— ์˜ํ•ดย ์ฃผ๋„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๊ตญ์€ ์ค‘๋‚จ๋ฏธ์˜ ์ธํ”„๋ผ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ๊ธˆ์œต ๋ถ„์•ผ์—๋„ย ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจย ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผย ์Ÿ์•„๋ถ€์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„๊ฐ„ย ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์™€ย ์ด๋ž€์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž์™€ ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด๊ฐ€ ์ ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ถ€ํŒจ์™€ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์ œ๋„๋ผ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฌธํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋น„์˜ฅํ•œ ๋•…์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.์ง€์—ญ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์˜ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ€ํŒจ์—ย ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์‹๋˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ๋ฐœํŒ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.