https://apple.news/A1eZ6nAIeTjyypAfU65CTKA

Russian central bank warns of slower drop in inflation as it holds rates at 16% โ€” ReutersInflation is set to ease more slowly than previously thought, Russia's central bank said on Friday as it held its key interest rate at 16% for the third meeting running and acknowledged for the first time that inflation may not fall to its 4% target this year.apple.news


๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰, ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ฝ์„ธ ๋‘”ํ™” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ 16%๋กœ ๋™๊ฒฐ



์ด ์†Œ์‹์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ(Why it matters): ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์ด ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 16%๋กœ ๋™๊ฒฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋А๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ „๋ง ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ํšŒ๋ณต์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„ ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ ๋ถ€์กฑ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


- ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์€ ์—ฐ๋ง ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์ „๋ง์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์กด 4~4.5%์—์„œ 4.3~4.8%๋กœ ์ƒํ–ฅ ์กฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

- ์ง€๋‚œํ•ด ํ•˜๋ฐ˜๊ธฐ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์€ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 850bp ์ธ์ƒํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๋ฃจ๋ธ”ํ™” ๊ธ‰๋ฝ๊ณผ ํฌ๋ ˜๋ฆฐ์˜ ํ†ตํ™”์ •์ฑ… ๊ฐ•ํ™” ์š”๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.



๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ(Background): ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ 2022๋…„ 11.9%์—์„œ ์ง€๋‚œํ•ด 7.4%๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฝํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์˜ฌํ•ด 5% ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


- ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์€ ์˜ฌํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ๋ฅ  ์ „๋ง์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์กด 1~2%์—์„œ 2.5~3.5%๋กœ ์ƒํ–ฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ ์ „๋ง ๋ฒ”์œ„๋„ 13.5~15.5%์—์„œ 15~16%๋กœ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.



์—˜๋น„๋ผ ๋‚˜๋น„์šธ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰ ์ด์žฌ์˜ ๋ง(What she's saying): ๋‚˜๋น„์šธ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์žฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ ์ฐจ ์ขํ˜€์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์—ฐ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ์น˜์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


- "๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋А๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฐ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ํ˜„ ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค"๋ฉฐ "๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ ์ธ์ƒ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.



๊ฑฐ์‹œ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ „๋ง(The big picture): ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ์ž‘๋…„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋“ฑํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ํˆฌ์ž…๋œ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ํƒ„์•ฝ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


- ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์€ "๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ์ƒํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ƒ์‚ฐ ํ™•๋Œ€์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ œ์•ฝ ์š”์ธ"์ด๋ผ๋ฉฐ "๋™์‹œ์— ๋…ธ๋™์‹œ์žฅ ๊ฒฝ์ง์„ฑ๋„ ๊ณ„์† ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.



์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฌํ•ด(What they're saying): ์บํ”ผํ„ธ์ด์ฝ”๋…ธ๋ฏน์Šค์˜ ์ด๋จธ์ง•์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ด์ฝ”๋…ธ๋ฏธ์ŠคํŠธ ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋ผ์Šค ํŒŒ๋Š” "๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋งคํŒŒ์  ์„œํ”„๋ผ์ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ํ‰๊ท  ๊ธฐ์ค€๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ ์ „๋ง์˜ ์ƒํ–ฅ ์กฐ์ •"์ด๋ผ๋ฉฐ "์ด๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์ด ํ•˜๋ฐ˜๊ธฐ ํ†ตํ™” ์™„ํ™” ์—ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.



์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณ„ํš(What's next): ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธˆ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํšŒ์˜๋Š” 6์›” 7์ผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.






์ž˜ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ๋ถ•์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช….




Q(์กฐ์„ ๋‹Œ์žํ•ซํ† ๋ฆฌ): ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ค˜. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ CPI(3.5%) ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์†Œ๋น„์ž ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€์ง€์ˆ˜(3.1%)์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ค˜.


A(์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ ํด๋กœ๋“œ):

๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ 2% ๋‚ด์™ธ์˜ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ •๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

- ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋†’์€ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ๊ตฌ๋งค๋ ฅ ํ•˜๋ฝ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์ด๋„ˆ์Šค ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜(๋””ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜)์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์นจ์ฒด์˜ ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

- ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ํ–‰๊ณผ ๋ฏธ ์—ฐ์ค€ ๋ชจ๋‘ 2%์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ • ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ(State of play): ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ์ง€๋‚œํ•ด ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ 7.4%๋กœ, ํ•œ๊ตญ(3.1%)์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ(3.5%)์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

- ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„ ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์˜ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” 4%์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฐ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ „๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค‘์•™์€ํ–‰์€ ์—ฐ๋ง ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์ „๋ง์น˜๋ฅผ 4.3~4.8%๋กœ ์ƒํ–ฅ ์กฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


์ด ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ(What it means): ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋†’์€ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ์„œ๋ฐฉ์˜ ์ œ์žฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ, ํ†ตํ™” ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •, ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ๋“ฑ์— ๊ธฐ์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

- ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์ด ์ ์ฐจ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์น˜์— ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ํ†ตํ™”์ •์ฑ… ์ •์ƒํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ˆœ์กฐ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด(The bottom line): ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„์˜ ๋†’์€ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ, ์šฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ธํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์€ ํ†ต์ œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ •์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.